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SPI INTERFACE FOR AT45 SERIAL DATAFLASH

                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    ; File Name		:'DFlash.asm"
                                    ; Title			:SPI interface to Serial DataFlash
                                    ; Date			:2003.06.01.
                                    ; Version		:1.0.0
                                    ; Support telephone	:+36-70-333-4034,  old: +36-30-9541-658 VFX
                                    ; Support fax		:
                                    ; Support Email		:info@vfx.hu
                                    ; Target MCU		:ATmega8
                                    ;
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;	D E S C R I P T I O N
                                    ;
                                    ; SPI interface to AT45DBxxx Serial DataFlash
                                    ;
                                    ; Functions to access the Atmel AT45Dxxx dataflash series
                                    ;  Supports 1Mbit - 128Mbit
                                    ;
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;	M O D I F I C A T I O N   H I S T O R Y
                                    ;
                                    ;
                                    ;       rev.      date      who  	why
                                    ;	----	----------  ---		------------------------------------
                                    ;	0.01	2003.06.01  VFX		Creation
                                    ;
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;Hardware
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;*
                                    ;*	SYSCLK: f=16.000 MHz (T= 62.5 ns)
                                    ;*
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    ; CS    - Chip Select
                                    ; SCK   - Serial Clock
                                    ; SI    - Serial Input
                                    ; SO    - Serial Output
                                    ; WP    - Hardware Page Write Protect Pin
                                    ; RESET - Chip Reset
                                    ; RDY/BUSY - Ready/Busy
                                    ;
                                    ; To provide optimal flexibility, the memory array of the AT45DB081B is
                                    ;divided into three levels of granularity comprising of sectors, blocks,
                                    ;and pages. All program operations to the DataFlash occur on a page-by-page
                                    ;basis; however, the optional erase operations can be performed at the block
                                    ;or page level.
                                    ;
                                    ;
                                    ;The device operation is controlled by instructions from the host processor.
                                    ;The list of instructions and their associated opcodes are contained in
                                    ;Tables 1 through 4. A valid instruction starts with the falling edge of CS
                                    ;followed by the appropriate 8-bit opcode and the desired buffer or main memory
                                    ;address location. While the CS pin is low, tog-gling the SCK pin controls the
                                    ;loading of the opcode and the desired buffer or main memory address location
                                    ;through the SI (serial input) pin. All instructions, addresses and data are
                                    ;transferred with the most significant bit (MSB) first.
                                    ;Buffer addressing is referenced in the datasheet using the terminology
                                    ;BFA8 - BFA0 to denote the nine address bits required to designate a byte address
                                    ;within a buffer. Main memory addressing is referenced using the terminology
                                    ;PA11 - PA0 and BA8 - BA0 where PA11 - PA0 denotes the 12 address bits required
                                    ;to designate a page address and BA8 - BA0 denotes the nine address bits
                                    ;required to designate a byte address within the page.
                                    ;
                                    ;
                                    ;Status Register Format
                                    ;Bit   7      6    5   4  3  2  1  0
                                    ;  RDY/BUSY COMP   1   0  0  1  X  X	45DB161
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;* Const Def
                                    ;
                                    
                                    ;Look-up table for these sizes ->  512k, 1M, 2M, 4M, 8M, 16M, 32M, 64M
                                    ;flash unsigned char DF_pagebits[]  ={  9,  9,  9,  9,  9,  10,  10,  11};	//index of internal page address bits
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    ;Dataflash opcodes
                                    .equ MainMemPageRead    = 	0x52	;Main Memory Page Read Inactive Clk Pol Low or High
                                    .equ FlashPageRead	=	0x52	;Main memory page read
                                    .equ FlashToBuf1Transfer=	0x53	;Main memory page to buffer 1 transfer
                                    .equ Buf1Read		=	0x54	;Buffer 1 read
                                    .equ FlashToBuf2Transfer=	0x55	;Main memory page to buffer 2 transfer
                                    .equ Buf2Read		=	0x56	;Buffer 2 read
                                    .equ StatusReg		=	0x57	;Status register
                                    .equ StatusRegMode3	=	0xD7	;Status register read SPI Mode 0 or 3
                                    .equ AutoPageReWrBuf1	=	0x58	;Auto page rewrite through buffer 1
                                    .equ AutoPageReWrBuf2	=	0x59	;Auto page rewrite through buffer 2
                                    .equ FlashToBuf1Compare	=	0x60	;Main memory page to buffer 1 compare
                                    .equ FlashToBuf2Compare	=	0x61	;Main memory page to buffer 2 compare
                                    .equ ContArrayRead	=	0x68	;Continuous Array Read (Note : Only A/B-parts supported)
                                    .equ FlashProgBuf1	=	0x82	;Main memory page program through buffer 1
                                    .equ Buf1ToFlashWE	=	0x83	;Buffer 1 to main memory page program with built-in erase
                                    .equ Buf1Write		=	0x84	;Buffer 1 write
                                    .equ FlashProgBuf2	=	0x85	;Main memory page program through buffer 2
                                    .equ Buf2ToFlashWE	=	0x86	;Buffer 2 to main memory page program with built-in erase
                                    .equ Buf2Write		=	0x87	;Buffer 2 write
                                    .equ Buf1ToFlash	=	0x88	;Buffer 1 to main memory page program without built-in erase
                                    .equ Buf2ToFlash	=	0x89	;Buffer 2 to main memory page program without built-in erase
                                    .equ MainMemPageReadSPI =	0xD2	;Main Memory Page Read SPI Mode 0 or 3
                                    .equ ContArrayReadSPI   =	0xE8	;Continuous Array Read SPI Mode 0 or 3
                                    
                                    
                                    ;Table 2. Program and Erase Commands
                                    .equ Buffer1Write       = 0x84 ;Buffer 1 Write
                                    .equ Buffer2Write       = 0x87 ;Buffer 2 Write
                                    .equ Buffer1toMem       = 0x88 ;Buffer 1 to Main Memory Page Program without Built-in Erase
                                    .equ Buffer2toMem       = 0x89 ;Buffer 2 to Main Memory Page Program without Built-in Erase
                                    .equ DFPageErase        = 0x81 ;Page Erase
                                    .equ DFBlockErase       = 0x50 ;Block Erase
                                    .equ MemPageProgBuff1   = 0x82 ;Main Memory Page Program through Buffer 1
                                    .equ MemPageProgBuff2   = 0x85 ;Main Memory Page Program through Buffer 2
                                    
                                    
                                    ;Table 3. Additional Commands
                                    .equ MemPagetoBuff1     = 0x53 ;Main Memory Page to Buffer 1 Transfer
                                    .equ MemPagetoBuff2     = 0x55 ;Main Memory Page to Buffer 2 Transfer
                                    .equ MemPagetoBuff1Cmp  = 0x60 ;Main Memory Page to Buffer 1 Compare
                                    .equ MemPagetoBuff2Cmp  = 0x61 ;Main Memory Page to Buffer 2 Compare
                                    .equ PageRewriteBuff1   = 0x58 ;Auto Page Rewrite through Buffer 1
                                    .equ PageRewriteBuff2   = 0x59 ;Auto Page Rewrite through Buffer 2
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    ;**************************************************************************
                                    ;* Hardware Def.
                                    ;
                                    
                                    ; RDY/BUSY - Ready/Busy
                                    .equ	DFRDY_PORT = PORTD
                                    .equ	DFRDY_DIR = DDRD
                                    .equ	DFRDY_PIN = PIND
                                    .equ	DFRDY = 7
                                    
                                    .equ	DFRES_PORT = PORTD
                                    .equ	DFRES_DIR = DDRD
                                    .equ	DFRES = 5
                                    
                                    .equ	DFCS_PORT = PORTC
                                    .equ	DFCS_DIR = DDRC
                                    .equ	DFCs = 2
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    .equ	MOSI_DIR = DDRB
                                    .equ	MOSI_PORT = PORTB
                                    .equ	MOSI = 3
                                    
                                    .equ	MISO_DIR = DDRB
                                    .equ	MISO_PORT = PORTB
                                    .equ	MISO_PIN = PINB
                                    .equ	MISO = 4
                                    
                                    .equ	SCLK_DIR = DDRB
                                    .equ	SCLK_PORT = PORTB
                                    .equ	SCLK = 5
                                    
                                    .equ	DFSS_DIR = DDRB
                                    .equ	DFSS_PORT = PORTB
                                    .equ	DFSS = 2
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;**** VARIABLES
                                    .DSEG
                                    
                                    DFSize:		.byte 1
                                    DFPageSize:	.byte 1
                                    DFPageBits:	.byte 1
                                    
                                    .equ	DFBuffer = AppData
                                    
                                    ;DFBuffer:	.byte 128	;Data buffer
                                    ; !!! use AppData buffer from user.asm --> save RAM Space !!!
                                    ; !!! Self update not supported in application !!!
                                    
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    .ESEG
                                    
                                    
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;**** CODE SEG
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    .CSEG
                                    
                                    ;p,x,y,z,0
                                    ;page bits = p
                                    ;page number = x * 256
                                    ;page size = y * 256 (264)
                                    ;type = z
                                    ;
                                    AT45DBxxx:	.db  9, 2,1,0b00001100	;AT45DB011 1Mbit
                                    		.db  9, 4,1,0b00010100	;AT45DB021 2Mbit
                                    		.db  9, 8,1,0b00011100	;AT45DB041 4Mbit
                                    		.db  9,16,1,0b00100100	;AT45DB081 8Mbit
                                    		.db 10,16,2,0b00101100	;AT45DB161 16Mbit
                                    		.db 10,32,2,0b00110100	;AT45DB321 32Mbit
                                    		.db 11,32,4,0b00111000	;AT45DB642 64Mbit
                                                    .db 11,64,4,0b00010000  ;AT45DB1282 128Mbit
                                    		.dw 0,0
                                    
                                    
                                    ;****************************************************************************
                                    ;***           S P I    R U T I N S
                                    ;***
                                    ;****************************************************************************
                                    ;* SPI_init
                                    ;*
                                    ;* Initialize our port pins for use as SPI master.
                                    ;*
                                    ;***************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    SPI_init:
                                    		sbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DFlash CE pin is output for ATmega
                                    		sbi	DFCS_DIR,DFCS		;CS=1
                                    
                                    		sbi	DFRES_PORT,DFRES
                                    		sbi	DFRES_DIR,DFRES		;DFlash Reset = H
                                    
                                    
                                    		cbi	DFRDY_DIR,DFRDY
                                    		sbi	DFRDY_PORT,DFRDY	;DFlash R/B pullup input
                                    
                                    		in	R16,PORTB
                                    		andi	R16,0b11000011
                                    		ori	R16,0b00101100
                                    		out	PORTB,R16		;SS, MOSI, SCK output; MISO input
                                    
                                    		in	R16,DDRB
                                    		andi	R16,0b11000011
                                    		ori	R16,0b00101100
                                    		out	DDRB,R16
                                    
                                    
                                    		ldi	R16,0b01011100
                                    		out	SPCR,R16	;[7] - SPIE: SPI Interrupt Enable
                                    					;[6] - SPE: SPI Enable
                                    					;[5] - DORD: Data Order
                                    					;[4] - MSTR: Master/Slave Select
                                    					;[3] - CPOL: Clock Polarity
                                    					;[2] - CPHA: Clock Phase
                                    					;[1:0] - SPR1,SPR0: SPI Clock Rate Select
                                    					; SPI2X SPR1 SPR0 SCK Frequency
                                    					;   0    0    0      fosc/4
                                    					;   0    0    1      fosc/16
                                    					;   0    1    0      fosc/64
                                    					;   0    1    1      fosc/128
                                    					;   1    0    0      fosc/2
                                    					;   1    0    1      fosc/8
                                    					;   1    1    0      fosc/32
                                    					;   1    1    1      fosc/64
                                    
                                    		ldi	R16,0b00000001
                                    		out	SPSR,R16	;[7] - SPIF: SPI Interrupt Flag
                                    					;[6] - WCOL: Write COLlision flag
                                    					;[5:1] - Res: Reserved Bits
                                    					;[0] - SPI2X: Double SPI Speed Bit
                                    		in	R16,SPSR
                                    		in	R16,SPDR	;Clear SPIF & WCOL bits
                                    
                                    
                                    		cbi	DFRES_PORT,DFRES	;DFlash Reset
                                    						;DFlash Reset>10us
                                    		ldi	ZL,low(SYSCLK/100000)
                                    		ldi	ZH,High(SYSCLK/100000)
                                    W10us1:		sbiw	ZL,1
                                    		brne	W10us1
                                    
                                    		sbi	DFRES_PORT,DFRES	;DFlash Reset = 1
                                    
                                    		ldi	R16,50			;Reset Recoveri time = 1 us
                                    W10us2:		dec	R16
                                    		brne	W10us2
                                    
                                    		rcall	DF_ReadStatus
                                    		cbr	R16,0b11000011
                                    		ldi	ZL,low(AT45DBxxx*2)	;ATmega128 -> set PAMPZ!!
                                    		ldi	ZH,high(AT45DBxxx*2)
                                    SearchDF:	lpm	R17,Z+
                                    		sts	DFPageBits,R17
                                    		lpm	R18,Z+
                                    		sts	DFSize,R18
                                    		lpm	R18,Z+
                                    		sts	DFPageSize,R18
                                    		lpm	R2,Z+
                                    		cp	R16,R2
                                    		breq	DFHit
                                    		tst	R17
                                    		brne	SearchDF
                                    DFHit:
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;*DF_SPI_RW
                                    ;*
                                    ;* Read and writes one byte from/to SPI master
                                    ;*
                                    ;* In: R16 - Byte to be written to SPI data register
                                    ;*
                                    ;* Out: R16 - Byte read from SPI data register
                                    ;*
                                    ;******************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_SPI_RW:
                                    		out	SPDR,R16
                                    DF_SPI_RW0:
                                    		sbis	SPSR,spif
                                    		 rjmp	DF_SPI_RW0	;wait for transfer complete, poll SPIF-flag
                                    		in	R16,SPDR
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;*Read_DF_status
                                    ;*
                                    ;* Status info concerning the Dataflash is busy or not.
                                    ;* Status info concerning compare between buffer and flash page
                                    ;* Status info concerning size of actual device
                                    ;*
                                    ;* In: -
                                    ;*
                                    ;* Out: R16 - status byte. Consult Dataflash datasheet for further decoding info
                                    ;*
                                    ;******************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_ReadStatus:
                                    		sbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DF CS inactive
                                    		nop
                                    		nop
                                    		cbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DF CS Active!
                                    						;to reset dataflash command decoder
                                    		ldi	R16,StatusRegMode3
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;send status register read op-code
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;dummy write to get result
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;* WaitToDF
                                    ;*
                                    ;* Wait for DataFlash to Ready
                                    ;*
                                    ;* In: -
                                    ;*
                                    ;* Out: -
                                    ;*
                                    ;******************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    WaitToDF:
                                          		rcall	DF_ReadStatus
                                           		cbr	R16,0x7F		;Csak a Busy Flag marad meg
                                           		breq	WaitToDF		;monitor the status register, wait until busy-flag is high
                                    		sbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS	 	;DF CS inactive
                                    		nop
                                    		cbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DF CS Active! , reset dataflash command decoder
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;Page_To_Buffer
                                    ;
                                    ; Transfers a page from flash to dataflash SRAM buffer
                                    ;
                                    ; In:	R0	= BufferNo -> R0 = 0 usage Buffer 1
                                    ;			         = non zero usage Buffer 2
                                    ; 	R19:R18 = PageAdr  -> Address of page to be transferred to buffer
                                    ;
                                    ; Out: -
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_PageToBuffer:
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		ldi	R16,FlashToBuf1Transfer	;transfer to buffer 1 op-code
                                    		tst	R0
                                    		breq	DF_PageToBuff01
                                    		ldi	R16,FlashToBuf2Transfer	;transfer to buffer 2 op-code
                                    DF_PageToBuff01:
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;send op-code
                                    		lds	R16,DFPageBits
                                    		subi	R16,8
                                    DF_PageToBuff02:
                                    		lsl	R18
                                    		rol	R19
                                    		dec	R16
                                    		brne	DF_PageToBuff02
                                    
                                    		mov	R16,R19
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW	;upper part of page address
                                    		mov	R16,R18
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW	;lower part of page address
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW
                                    
                                    		sbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DF CS inactive
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;DF_BufferReadByte
                                    ;
                                    ; Reads one byte from one of the dataflash internal SRAM buffers
                                    ;
                                    ; In:	R0	= BufferNo -> R0 = 0 usage Buffer 1
                                    ;			         = non zero usage Buffer 2
                                    ; 	R19:R18 = IntPageAdr  -> Internal page address
                                    ;
                                    ; Out:	R16 - One read byte (any value)
                                    ;
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_BufferReadByte:
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf1Read		;read byte from buffer 1
                                    		tst	R0
                                    		breq    BufferReadByte01
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf2Read		;read byte from buffer 2
                                    BufferReadByte01:
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;send op-code
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;don't cares
                                    		mov	R16,R19
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW   		;upper part of page address
                                    		mov	R16,R18
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW      		;lower part of page address
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;additional don't cares
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;read byte
                                    		sbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DF CS inactive
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;DF_BufferReadStr
                                    ;
                                    ; Reads one or more bytes from one of the dataflash internal SRAM buffers,
                                    ; and puts read bytes into buffer pointed to by X
                                    ; In:	R0: 	BufferNo -> R0 = 0 usage Buffer 1
                                    ;			       = non zero usage Buffer 2
                                    ;     	R19:R18  ->	Internal page address
                                    ;     	R21:R20	 ->	Number of bytes to be read
                                    ;     	X  	 ->	address of buffer to be used for read bytes
                                    ;
                                    ; Out: -
                                    ;
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_BufferReadStr:
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf1Read		;read byte from buffer 1
                                    		tst	R0
                                    		breq    DF_BufferReadStr01
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf2Read		;read byte from buffer 2
                                    DF_BufferReadStr01:
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;send op-code
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;don't cares
                                    		mov	R16,R19
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW   		;upper part of page address
                                    		mov	R16,R18
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW      		;lower part of page address
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;additional don't cares
                                    		push	YL
                                    		push	YH
                                    		movw	YL,R20			;Internal page address + Number of bytes to be read <= Page Size!!!
                                    DF_BufferReadStr02:
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW
                                    		st	X+,R16			;Store DF data byte
                                    		sbiw	YL,1
                                    		brne	DF_BufferReadStr02
                                    		pop	YH
                                    		pop	YL
                                    		sbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DF CS inactive
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ; DF_BufferWriteEnable
                                    ;
                                    ; Enables continous write functionality to one of the dataflash buffers
                                    ; NOTE : User must ensure that CS goes high to terminate this mode
                                    ; before accessing other dataflash functionalities
                                    ;
                                    ; In:	R0: 	BufferNo -> R0 = 0 usage Buffer 1
                                    ;			       = non zero usage Buffer 2
                                    ;     	R19:R18  ->	Internal page address to start writing from
                                    ;
                                    ; Out: None
                                    ;
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_BufferWriteEnable:
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf1Write		;buffer 1 write op-code
                                    		tst	R0
                                    		breq    DF_BufferWriteEnable01
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf2Write		;buffer 2 write op-code
                                    DF_BufferWriteEnable01:
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;send op-code
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;don't cares
                                    		mov	R16,R19
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW   		;upper part of page address
                                    		mov	R16,R18
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW      		;lower part of page address
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ; DF_BufferWriteByte:
                                    ;
                                    ; Writes one byte to one of the dataflash internal SRAM buffers
                                    ;
                                    ; In:	R0: 	BufferNo -> R0 = 0 usage Buffer 1
                                    ;			       = non zero usage Buffer 2
                                    ;     	R19:R18  ->	Internal page address to write byte to
                                    ;	R16	 -> Data byte to be written
                                    ;
                                    ; Out: None
                                    ;
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_BufferWriteByte:
                                    		push	R16
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf1Write		;buffer 1 write op-code
                                    		tst	R0
                                    		breq    DF_BufferWriteByte01
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf2Write		;buffer 2 write op-code
                                    DF_BufferWriteByte01:
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;send op-code
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;don't cares
                                    		mov	R16,R19
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW   		;upper part of page address
                                    		mov	R16,R18
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW      		;lower part of page address
                                    		pop	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;write data byte
                                    DF_EndWrite:
                                    		sbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DF CS inactive
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ; DF_BufferWriteStr
                                    ;
                                    ; Copies one or more bytes to one of the dataflash internal SRAM buffers
                                    ; from AVR SRAM buffer pointed to by X
                                    ;
                                    ; In:	R0: 	BufferNo -> R0 = 0 usage Buffer 1
                                    ;			       = non zero usage Buffer 2
                                    ;     	R19:R18  ->	Internal page address
                                    ;     	R21:R20	 ->	Number of bytes to be read
                                    ;     	X  	 ->	address of buffer to be used for write bytes
                                    ;
                                    ; Out: None
                                    ;
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_BufferWriteStr:
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf1Write		;write byte to buffer 1
                                    		tst	R0
                                    		breq    DF_BufferWriteStr01
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf2Write		;write byte to buffer 2
                                    DF_BufferWriteStr01:
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;send op-code
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;don't cares
                                    		mov	R16,R19
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW   		;upper part of page address
                                    		mov	R16,R18
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW      		;lower part of page address
                                    		push	YL
                                    		push	YH
                                    		movw	YL,R20			;Internal page address + Number of bytes to be read <= Page Size!!!
                                    DF_BufferWriteStr02:
                                    		ld	R16,X+			;Store DF data byte
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW
                                    		sbiw	YL,1
                                    		brne	DF_BufferWriteStr02
                                    		pop	YH
                                    		pop	YL
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ; DF_BufferToPage
                                    ; DF_BufferToPageWErase
                                    ;
                                    ; Transfers a page from dataflash SRAM buffer to flash
                                    ;
                                    ; In:	R0	= BufferNo -> R0 = 0 usage Buffer 1
                                    ;			         = non zero usage Buffer 2
                                    ; 	R19:R18 = PageAdr  ->  Address of flash page to be programmed
                                    ;
                                    ; Out: None
                                    ;
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_BufferToPage:
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		ldi	R16,Buffer1toMem	;buffer 1 to flash without erase
                                    		tst	R0
                                    		breq    DF_BufferToPage01
                                    		ldi	R16,Buffer1toMem
                                    		rjmp	DF_BufferToPage01
                                    
                                    DF_BufferToPageWErase:
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf1ToFlashWE	;buffer 1 to flash with erase op-code
                                    		tst	R0
                                    		breq    DF_BufferToPage01
                                    		ldi	R16,Buf2ToFlashWE  	;buffer 2 to flash with erase op-code
                                    DF_BufferToPage01:
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;send op-code
                                    		lds	R16,DFPageBits
                                    		subi	R16,8
                                    DF_BufferToPage02:
                                    		lsl	R18
                                    		rol	R19
                                    		dec	R16
                                    		brne	DF_BufferToPage02
                                    
                                    		mov	R16,R19
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW	;upper part of page address
                                    		mov	R16,R18
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW	;lower part of page address
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW
                                    		nop
                                    		sbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DF CS inactive
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ; DF_PageErase
                                    ;
                                    ; Erase Flash Page
                                    ;
                                    ; In:	R19:R18 = PageAdr  ->  Address of flash page to be erased
                                    ;
                                    ; Out: None
                                    ;
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_PageErase:
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		ldi	R16,DFPageErase
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;send op-code
                                    
                                    		lds	R16,DFPageBits
                                    		subi	R16,8
                                    DF_PageErase01:
                                    		lsl	R18
                                    		rol	R19
                                    		dec	R16
                                    		brne	DF_PageErase01
                                    
                                    		mov	R16,R19
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;upper part of page address
                                    		mov	R16,R18
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;lower part of page address
                                    		clr	R16
                                    		rcall	DF_SPI_RW		;dumpy part of address!!!
                                    		nop
                                    		sbi	DFCS_PORT,DFCS		;DF CS inactive
                                    		ret
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ; DF_CheckErasedPage
                                    ;
                                    ; Test Erased Flash Page
                                    ;
                                    ; In:	R19:R18 = PageAdr  ->  Address of flash page to be tested
                                    ;	R0 = used buffer 0 = buffer0 other = buffer1
                                    ;
                                    ; Out:	c=0 no error
                                    ;	c=1 Bad Page! Dont use!!
                                    ;
                                    ;*****************************************************************************
                                    ;
                                    DF_CheckErasedPage:
                                    		rcall	WaitToDF
                                    		push	R0
                                    		rcall	DF_PageToBuffer
                                    
                                                    clr	XL
                                    		ldi	R16,8
                                    		lds	XH,DFPageSize
                                    		mul	R16,XH
                                    		add	XL,R0
                                    		adc	XH,R1			;X full lenght of page in byte
                                    		pop	R0
                                                  	
                                    DF_Check00:	
                                    		push	R0
                                    		push	XL
                                    		push	XH
                                    		sbiw	XL,1
                                    		movw	R18,XL
                                    		rcall	DF_BufferReadByte
                                    		pop	XH
                                    		pop	XL
                                    		pop	R0
                                    		cpi	R16,0xFF
                                    		brne	DF_BadPage
                                    		sbiw	XL,1
                                    		brne	DF_Check00
                                    		clc
                                    		ret				;ok page cleared well
                                    DF_BadPage:	
                                    		sec
                                    		ret				;Bad Page!
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                 

Programming the AVR Microcontrollers in Assember Machine Language

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Atmel AVR From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Avr) Jump to: navigation, search The AVRs are a family of RISC microcontrollers from Atmel. Their internal architecture was conceived by two students: Alf-Egil Bogen and Vegard Wollan, at the Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH] and further developed at Atmel Norway, a subsidiary founded by the two architects. Atmel recently released the Atmel AVR32 line of microcontrollers. These are 32-bit RISC devices featuring SIMD and DSP instructions, along with many additional features for audio and video processing, intended to compete with ARM based processors. Note that the use of "AVR" in this article refers to the 8-bit RISC line of Atmel AVR Microcontrollers. The acronym AVR has been reported to stand for Advanced Virtual RISC. It's also rumoured to stand for the company's founders: Alf and Vegard, who are evasive when questioned about it. Contents [hide] 1 Device Overview 1.1 Program Memory 1.2 Data Memory and Registers 1.3 EEPROM 1.4 Program Execution 1.5 Speed 2 Development 3 Features 4 Footnotes 5 See also 6 External Links 6.1 Atmel Official Links 6.2 AVR Forums & Discussion Groups 6.3 Machine Language Development 6.4 C Language Development 6.5 BASIC & Other AVR Languages 6.6 AVR Butterfly Specific 6.7 Other AVR Links [edit] Device Overview The AVR is a Harvard architecture machine with programs and data stored and addressed separately. Flash, EEPROM, and SRAM are all integrated onto a single die, removing the need for external memory (though still available on some devices). [edit] Program Memory Program instructions are stored in semi-permanent Flash memory. Each instruction for the AVR line is either 16 or 32 bits in length. The Flash memory is addressed using 16 bit word sizes. The size of the program memory is indicated in the naming of the device itself. For instance, the ATmega64x line has 64Kbytes of Flash. Almost all AVR devices are self-programmable. [edit] Data Memory and Registers The data address space consists of the register file, I/O registers, and SRAM. The AVRs have thirty-two single-byte registers and are classified as 8-bit RISC devices. The working registers are mapped in as the first thirty-two memory spaces (000016-001F16) followed by the 64 I/O registers (002016-005F16). The actual usable RAM starts after both these sections (address 006016). (Note that the I/O register space may be larger on some more extensive devices, in which case memory mapped I/O registers will occupy a portion of the SRAM.) Even though there are separate addressing schemes and optimized opcodes for register file and I/O register access, all can still be addressed and manipulated as if they were in SRAM. [edit] EEPROM Almost all devices have on-die EEPROM. This is most often used for long-term parameter storage to be retrieved even after cycling the power of the device. [edit] Program Execution Atmel's AVRs have a single level pipeline design. The next machine instruction is fetched as the current one is executing. Most instructions take just one or two clock cycles, making AVRs relatively fast among the eight-bit microcontrollers. The AVR family of processors were designed for the efficient execution of compiled C code. The AVR instruction set is more orthogonal than most eight-bit microcontrollers, however, it is not completely regular: Pointer registers X, Y, and Z have addressing capabilities that are different from each other. Register locations R0 to R15 have different addressing capabilities than register locations R16 to R31. I/O ports 0 to 31 have different addressing capabilities than I/O ports 32 to 63. CLR affects flags, while SER does not, even though they are complementary instructions. CLR set all bits to zero and SER sets them to one. (Note though, that neither CLR nor SER are native instructions. Instead CLR is syntactic sugar for [produces the same machine code as] EOR R,R while SER is syntactic sugar for LDI R,$FF. Math operations such as EOR modify flags while moves/loads/stores/branches such as LDI do not.) [edit] Speed The AVR line can normally support clock speeds from 0-16MHz, with some devices reaching 20MHz. Lower powered operation usually requires a reduced clock speed. All AVRs feature an on-chip oscillator, removing the need for external clocks or resonator circuitry. Because many operations on the AVR are single cycle, the AVR can achieve up to 1MIPS per MHz. [edit] Development AVRs have a large following due to the free and inexpensive development tools available, including reasonably priced development boards and free development software. The AVRs are marketed under various names that share the same basic core but with different peripheral and memory combinations. Some models (notably, the ATmega range) have additional instructions to make arithmetic faster. Compatibility amongst chips is fairly good. See external links for sites relating to AVR development. [edit] Features Current AVRs offer a wide range of features: RISC Core Running Many Single Cycle Instructions Multifunction, Bi-directional I/O Ports with Internal, Configurable Pull-up Resistors Multiple Internal Oscillators Internal, Self-Programmable Instruction Flash Memory up to 256K In-System Programmable using ICSP, JTAG, or High Voltage methods Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits for Protection Internal Data EEPROM up to 4KB Internal SRAM up to 8K 8-Bit and 16-Bit Timers PWM Channels & dead time generator Lighting (PWM Specific) Controller models Dedicated I²C Compatible Two-Wire Interface (TWI) Synchronous/Asynchronous Serial Peripherals (UART/USART) (As used with RS-232,RS-485, and more) Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) CAN Controller Support USB Controller Support Proper High-speed hardware & Hub controller with embedded AVR. Also freely available low-speed (HID) software emulation Ethernet Controller Support Universal Serial Interface (USI) for Two or Three-Wire Synchronous Data Transfer Analog Comparators LCD Controller Support 10-Bit A/D Converters, with multiplex of up to 16 channels Brownout Detection Watchdog Timer (WDT) Low-voltage Devices Operating Down to 1.8v Multiple Power-Saving Sleep Modes picoPower Devices Atmel AVR assembler programming language Atmel AVR machine programming language Atmel AVR From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Avr) Jump to: navigation, search The AVRs are a family of RISC microcontrollers from Atmel. Their internal architecture was conceived by two students: Alf-Egil Bogen and Vegard Wollan, at the Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH] and further developed at Atmel Norway, a subsidiary founded by the two architects. Atmel recently released the Atmel AVR32 line of microcontrollers. These are 32-bit RISC devices featuring SIMD and DSP instructions, along with many additional features for audio and video processing, intended to compete with ARM based processors. Note that the use of "AVR" in this article refers to the 8-bit RISC line of Atmel AVR Microcontrollers. The acronym AVR has been reported to stand for Advanced Virtual RISC. It's also rumoured to stand for the company's founders: Alf and Vegard, who are evasive when questioned about it. Contents [hide] 1 Device Overview 1.1 Program Memory 1.2 Data Memory and Registers 1.3 EEPROM 1.4 Program Execution 1.5 Speed 2 Development 3 Features 4 Footnotes 5 See also 6 External Links 6.1 Atmel Official Links 6.2 AVR Forums & Discussion Groups 6.3 Machine Language Development 6.4 C Language Development 6.5 BASIC & Other AVR Languages 6.6 AVR Butterfly Specific 6.7 Other AVR Links [edit] Device Overview The AVR is a Harvard architecture machine with programs and data stored and addressed separately. Flash, EEPROM, and SRAM are all integrated onto a single die, removing the need for external memory (though still available on some devices). [edit] Program Memory Program instructions are stored in semi-permanent Flash memory. Each instruction for the AVR line is either 16 or 32 bits in length. The Flash memory is addressed using 16 bit word sizes. The size of the program memory is indicated in the naming of the device itself. For instance, the ATmega64x line has 64Kbytes of Flash. Almost all AVR devices are self-programmable. [edit] Data Memory and Registers The data address space consists of the register file, I/O registers, and SRAM. The AVRs have thirty-two single-byte registers and are classified as 8-bit RISC devices. The working registers are mapped in as the first thirty-two memory spaces (000016-001F16) followed by the 64 I/O registers (002016-005F16). The actual usable RAM starts after both these sections (address 006016). (Note that the I/O register space may be larger on some more extensive devices, in which case memory mapped I/O registers will occupy a portion of the SRAM.) Even though there are separate addressing schemes and optimized opcodes for register file and I/O register access, all can still be addressed and manipulated as if they were in SRAM. [edit] EEPROM Almost all devices have on-die EEPROM. This is most often used for long-term parameter storage to be retrieved even after cycling the power of the device. [edit] Program Execution Atmel's AVRs have a single level pipeline design. The next machine instruction is fetched as the current one is executing. Most instructions take just one or two clock cycles, making AVRs relatively fast among the eight-bit microcontrollers. The AVR family of processors were designed for the efficient execution of compiled C code. The AVR instruction set is more orthogonal than most eight-bit microcontrollers, however, it is not completely regular: Pointer registers X, Y, and Z have addressing capabilities that are different from each other. Register locations R0 to R15 have different addressing capabilities than register locations R16 to R31. I/O ports 0 to 31 have different addressing capabilities than I/O ports 32 to 63. CLR affects flags, while SER does not, even though they are complementary instructions. CLR set all bits to zero and SER sets them to one. (Note though, that neither CLR nor SER are native instructions. Instead CLR is syntactic sugar for [produces the same machine code as] EOR R,R while SER is syntactic sugar for LDI R,$FF. Math operations such as EOR modify flags while moves/loads/stores/branches such as LDI do not.) [edit] Speed The AVR line can normally support clock speeds from 0-16MHz, with some devices reaching 20MHz. Lower powered operation usually requires a reduced clock speed. All AVRs feature an on-chip oscillator, removing the need for external clocks or resonator circuitry. Because many operations on the AVR are single cycle, the AVR can achieve up to 1MIPS per MHz. [edit] Development AVRs have a large following due to the free and inexpensive development tools available, including reasonably priced development boards and free development software. The AVRs are marketed under various names that share the same basic core but with different peripheral and memory combinations. Some models (notably, the ATmega range) have additional instructions to make arithmetic faster. Compatibility amongst chips is fairly good. See external links for sites relating to AVR development. [edit] Features Current AVRs offer a wide range of features: RISC Core Running Many Single Cycle Instructions Multifunction, Bi-directional I/O Ports with Internal, Configurable Pull-up Resistors Multiple Internal Oscillators Internal, Self-Programmable Instruction Flash Memory up to 256K In-System Programmable using ICSP, JTAG, or High Voltage methods Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits for Protection Internal Data EEPROM up to 4KB Internal SRAM up to 8K 8-Bit and 16-Bit Timers PWM Channels & dead time generator Lighting (PWM Specific) Controller models Dedicated I²C Compatible Two-Wire Interface (TWI) Synchronous/Asynchronous Serial Peripherals (UART/USART) (As used with RS-232,RS-485, and more) Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) CAN Controller Support USB Controller Support Proper High-speed hardware & Hub controller with embedded AVR. Also freely available low-speed (HID) software emulation Ethernet Controller Support Universal Serial Interface (USI) for Two or Three-Wire Synchronous Data Transfer Analog Comparators LCD Controller Support 10-Bit A/D Converters, with multiplex of up to 16 channels Brownout Detection Watchdog Timer (WDT) Low-voltage Devices Operating Down to 1.8v Multiple Power-Saving Sleep Modes picoPower Devices Atmel AVR assembler programming language Atmel AVR machine programming language Atmel AVR From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Avr) Jump to: navigation, search The AVRs are a family of RISC microcontrollers from Atmel. Their internal architecture was conceived by two students: Alf-Egil Bogen and Vegard Wollan, at the Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH] and further developed at Atmel Norway, a subsidiary founded by the two architects. Atmel recently released the Atmel AVR32 line of microcontrollers. These are 32-bit RISC devices featuring SIMD and DSP instructions, along with many additional features for audio and video processing, intended to compete with ARM based processors. Note that the use of "AVR" in this article refers to the 8-bit RISC line of Atmel AVR Microcontrollers. The acronym AVR has been reported to stand for Advanced Virtual RISC. It's also rumoured to stand for the company's founders: Alf and Vegard, who are evasive when questioned about it. Contents [hide] 1 Device Overview 1.1 Program Memory 1.2 Data Memory and Registers 1.3 EEPROM 1.4 Program Execution 1.5 Speed 2 Development 3 Features 4 Footnotes 5 See also 6 External Links 6.1 Atmel Official Links 6.2 AVR Forums & Discussion Groups 6.3 Machine Language Development 6.4 C Language Development 6.5 BASIC & Other AVR Languages 6.6 AVR Butterfly Specific 6.7 Other AVR Links [edit] Device Overview The AVR is a Harvard architecture machine with programs and data stored and addressed separately. Flash, EEPROM, and SRAM are all integrated onto a single die, removing the need for external memory (though still available on some devices). [edit] Program Memory Program instructions are stored in semi-permanent Flash memory. Each instruction for the AVR line is either 16 or 32 bits in length. The Flash memory is addressed using 16 bit word sizes. The size of the program memory is indicated in the naming of the device itself. For instance, the ATmega64x line has 64Kbytes of Flash. Almost all AVR devices are self-programmable. [edit] Data Memory and Registers The data address space consists of the register file, I/O registers, and SRAM. The AVRs have thirty-two single-byte registers and are classified as 8-bit RISC devices. The working registers are mapped in as the first thirty-two memory spaces (000016-001F16) followed by the 64 I/O registers (002016-005F16). The actual usable RAM starts after both these sections (address 006016). (Note that the I/O register space may be larger on some more extensive devices, in which case memory mapped I/O registers will occupy a portion of the SRAM.) Even though there are separate addressing schemes and optimized opcodes for register file and I/O register access, all can still be addressed and manipulated as if they were in SRAM. [edit] EEPROM Almost all devices have on-die EEPROM. This is most often used for long-term parameter storage to be retrieved even after cycling the power of the device. [edit] Program Execution Atmel's AVRs have a single level pipeline design. The next machine instruction is fetched as the current one is executing. Most instructions take just one or two clock cycles, making AVRs relatively fast among the eight-bit microcontrollers. The AVR family of processors were designed for the efficient execution of compiled C code. The AVR instruction set is more orthogonal than most eight-bit microcontrollers, however, it is not completely regular: Pointer registers X, Y, and Z have addressing capabilities that are different from each other. Register locations R0 to R15 have different addressing capabilities than register locations R16 to R31. I/O ports 0 to 31 have different addressing capabilities than I/O ports 32 to 63. CLR affects flags, while SER does not, even though they are complementary instructions. CLR set all bits to zero and SER sets them to one. (Note though, that neither CLR nor SER are native instructions. Instead CLR is syntactic sugar for [produces the same machine code as] EOR R,R while SER is syntactic sugar for LDI R,$FF. Math operations such as EOR modify flags while moves/loads/stores/branches such as LDI do not.) [edit] Speed The AVR line can normally support clock speeds from 0-16MHz, with some devices reaching 20MHz. Lower powered operation usually requires a reduced clock speed. All AVRs feature an on-chip oscillator, removing the need for external clocks or resonator circuitry. Because many operations on the AVR are single cycle, the AVR can achieve up to 1MIPS per MHz. [edit] Development AVRs have a large following due to the free and inexpensive development tools available, including reasonably priced development boards and free development software. The AVRs are marketed under various names that share the same basic core but with different peripheral and memory combinations. Some models (notably, the ATmega range) have additional instructions to make arithmetic faster. Compatibility amongst chips is fairly good. See external links for sites relating to AVR development. [edit] Features Current AVRs offer a wide range of features: RISC Core Running Many Single Cycle Instructions Multifunction, Bi-directional I/O Ports with Internal, Configurable Pull-up Resistors Multiple Internal Oscillators Internal, Self-Programmable Instruction Flash Memory up to 256K In-System Programmable using ICSP, JTAG, or High Voltage methods Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits for Protection Internal Data EEPROM up to 4KB Internal SRAM up to 8K 8-Bit and 16-Bit Timers PWM Channels & dead time generator Lighting (PWM Specific) Controller models Dedicated I²C Compatible Two-Wire Interface (TWI) Synchronous/Asynchronous Serial Peripherals (UART/USART) (As used with RS-232,RS-485, and more) Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) CAN Controller Support USB Controller Support Proper High-speed hardware & Hub controller with embedded AVR. Also freely available low-speed (HID) software emulation Ethernet Controller Support Universal Serial Interface (USI) for Two or Three-Wire Synchronous Data Transfer Analog Comparators LCD Controller Support 10-Bit A/D Converters, with multiplex of up to 16 channels Brownout Detection Watchdog Timer (WDT) Low-voltage Devices Operating Down to 1.8v Multiple Power-Saving Sleep Modes picoPower Devices Atmel AVR assembler programming language Atmel AVR machine programming language